/*
 * Copyright (c) 2010-2020, sikuli.org, sikulix.com - MIT license
 */
package org.sikuli.ide;

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;

public class GifDecoder {

  /**
   * File read status: No errors.
   */
  public static final int STATUS_OK = 0;

  /**
   * File read status: Error decoding file (may be partially decoded)
   */
  public static final int STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR = 1;

  /**
   * File read status: Unable to open source.
   */
  public static final int STATUS_OPEN_ERROR = 2;

  protected BufferedInputStream in;
  protected int status;

  protected int width; // full image width
  protected int height; // full image height
  protected boolean gctFlag; // global color table used
  protected int gctSize; // size of global color table
  protected int loopCount = 1; // iterations; 0 = repeat forever

  protected int[] gct; // global color table
  protected int[] lct; // local color table
  protected int[] act; // active color table

  protected int bgIndex; // background color index
  protected int bgColor; // background color
  protected int lastBgColor; // previous bg color
  protected int pixelAspect; // pixel aspect ratio

  protected boolean lctFlag; // local color table flag
  protected boolean interlace; // interlace flag
  protected int lctSize; // local color table size

  protected int ix, iy, iw, ih; // current image rectangle
  protected Rectangle lastRect; // last image rect
  protected BufferedImage image; // current frame
  protected BufferedImage lastImage; // previous frame

  protected byte[] block = new byte[256]; // current data block
  protected int blockSize = 0; // block size

  // last graphic control extension info
  protected int dispose = 0;
  // 0=no action; 1=leave in place; 2=restore to bg; 3=restore to prev
  protected int lastDispose = 0;
  protected boolean transparency = false; // use transparent color
  protected int delay = 0; // delay in milliseconds
  protected int transIndex; // transparent color index

  protected static final int MaxStackSize = 4096;
  // max decoder pixel stack size

  // LZW decoder working arrays
  protected short[] prefix;
  protected byte[] suffix;
  protected byte[] pixelStack;
  protected byte[] pixels;

  protected ArrayList frames; // frames read from current file
  protected int frameCount;

  static class GifFrame {
    public GifFrame(BufferedImage im, int del) {
      image = im;
      delay = del;
    }
    public BufferedImage image;
    public int delay;
  }

  /**
   * Gets display duration for specified frame.
   *
   * @param n int index of frame
   * @return delay in milliseconds
   */
  public int getDelay(int n) {
    //
    delay = -1;
    if ((n >= 0) && (n < frameCount)) {
      delay = ((GifFrame) frames.get(n)).delay;
    }
    return delay;
  }

  /**
   * Gets the number of frames read from file.
   * @return frame count
   */
  public int getFrameCount() {
    return frameCount;
  }

  /**
   * Gets the first (or only) image read.
   *
   * @return BufferedImage containing first frame, or null if none.
   */
  public BufferedImage getImage() {
    return getFrame(0);
  }

  /**
   * Gets the "Netscape" iteration count, if any.
   * A count of 0 means repeat indefinitiely.
   *
   * @return iteration count if one was specified, else 1.
   */
  public int getLoopCount() {
    return loopCount;
  }

  /**
   * Creates new frame image from current data (and previous
   * frames as specified by their disposition codes).
   */
  protected void setPixels() {
    // expose destination image's pixels as int array
    int[] dest =
      ((DataBufferInt) image.getRaster().getDataBuffer()).getData();

    // fill in starting image contents based on last image's dispose code
    if (lastDispose > 0) {
      if (lastDispose == 3) {
        // use image before last
        int n = frameCount - 2;
        if (n > 0) {
          lastImage = getFrame(n - 1);
        } else {
          lastImage = null;
        }
      }

      if (lastImage != null) {
        int[] prev =
          ((DataBufferInt) lastImage.getRaster().getDataBuffer()).getData();
        System.arraycopy(prev, 0, dest, 0, width * height);
        // copy pixels

        if (lastDispose == 2) {
          // fill last image rect area with background color
          Graphics2D g = image.createGraphics();
          Color c = null;
          if (transparency) {
            c = new Color(0, 0, 0, 0);  // assume background is transparent
          } else {
            c = new Color(lastBgColor); // use given background color
          }
          g.setColor(c);
          g.setComposite(AlphaComposite.Src); // replace area
          g.fill(lastRect);
          g.dispose();
        }
      }
    }

    // copy each source line to the appropriate place in the destination
    int pass = 1;
    int inc = 8;
    int iline = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < ih; i++) {
      int line = i;
      if (interlace) {
        if (iline >= ih) {
          pass++;
          switch (pass) {
            case 2 :
              iline = 4;
              break;
            case 3 :
              iline = 2;
              inc = 4;
              break;
            case 4 :
              iline = 1;
              inc = 2;
          }
        }
        line = iline;
        iline += inc;
      }
      line += iy;
      if (line < height) {
        int k = line * width;
        int dx = k + ix; // start of line in dest
        int dlim = dx + iw; // end of dest line
        if ((k + width) < dlim) {
          dlim = k + width; // past dest edge
        }
        int sx = i * iw; // start of line in source
        while (dx < dlim) {
          // map color and insert in destination
          int index = ((int) pixels[sx++]) & 0xff;
          int c = act[index];
          if (c != 0) {
            dest[dx] = c;
          }
          dx++;
        }
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Gets the image contents of frame n.
   *
	 * @param n frame number
   * @return BufferedImage representation of frame, or null if n is invalid.
   */
  public BufferedImage getFrame(int n) {
    BufferedImage im = null;
    if ((n >= 0) && (n < frameCount)) {
      im = ((GifFrame) frames.get(n)).image;
    }
    return im;
  }

  /**
   * Gets image size.
   *
   * @return GIF image dimensions
   */
  public Dimension getFrameSize() {
    return new Dimension(width, height);
  }

  /**
   * Reads GIF image from stream
   *
   * @param is BufferedInputStream containing GIF file.
   * @return read status code (0 = no errors)
   */
  public int read(BufferedInputStream is) {
    init();
    if (is != null) {
      in = is;
      readHeader();
      if (!err()) {
        readContents();
        if (frameCount < 0) {
          status = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR;
        }
      }
    } else {
      status = STATUS_OPEN_ERROR;
    }
    try {
      is.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    }
    return status;
  }

  /**
   * Reads GIF image from stream
   *
   * @param is InputStream containing GIF file.
   * @return read status code (0 = no errors)
   */
  public int read(InputStream is) {
    init();
    if (is != null) {
      if (!(is instanceof BufferedInputStream))
        is = new BufferedInputStream(is);
      in = (BufferedInputStream) is;
      readHeader();
      if (!err()) {
        readContents();
        if (frameCount < 0) {
          status = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR;
        }
      }
    } else {
      status = STATUS_OPEN_ERROR;
    }
    try {
      is.close();
    } catch (IOException e) {
    }
    return status;
  }

  /**
   * Reads GIF file from specified file/URL source
   * (URL assumed if name contains ":/" or "file:")
   *
   * @param name String containing source
   * @return read status code (0 = no errors)
   */
  public int read(String name) {
    status = STATUS_OK;
    try {
      name = name.trim().toLowerCase();
      if ((name.indexOf("file:") >= 0) ||
        (name.indexOf(":/") > 0)) {
        URL url = new URL(name);
        in = new BufferedInputStream(url.openStream());
      } else {
        in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(name));
      }
      status = read(in);
    } catch (IOException e) {
      status = STATUS_OPEN_ERROR;
    }

    return status;
  }

  /**
   * Decodes LZW image data into pixel array.
   * Adapted from John Cristy's ImageMagick.
   */
  protected void decodeImageData() {
    int NullCode = -1;
    int npix = iw * ih;
    int available,
      clear,
      code_mask,
      code_size,
      end_of_information,
      in_code,
      old_code,
      bits,
      code,
      count,
      i,
      datum,
      data_size,
      first,
      top,
      bi,
      pi;

    if ((pixels == null) || (pixels.length < npix)) {
      pixels = new byte[npix]; // allocate new pixel array
    }
    if (prefix == null) prefix = new short[MaxStackSize];
    if (suffix == null) suffix = new byte[MaxStackSize];
    if (pixelStack == null) pixelStack = new byte[MaxStackSize + 1];

    //  Initialize GIF data stream decoder.

    data_size = read();
    clear = 1 << data_size;
    end_of_information = clear + 1;
    available = clear + 2;
    old_code = NullCode;
    code_size = data_size + 1;
    code_mask = (1 << code_size) - 1;
    for (code = 0; code < clear; code++) {
      prefix[code] = 0;
      suffix[code] = (byte) code;
    }

    //  Decode GIF pixel stream.

    datum = bits = count = first = top = pi = bi = 0;

    for (i = 0; i < npix;) {
      if (top == 0) {
        if (bits < code_size) {
          //  Load bytes until there are enough bits for a code.
          if (count == 0) {
            // Read a new data block.
            count = readBlock();
            if (count <= 0)
              break;
            bi = 0;
          }
          datum += (((int) block[bi]) & 0xff) << bits;
          bits += 8;
          bi++;
          count--;
          continue;
        }

        //  Get the next code.

        code = datum & code_mask;
        datum >>= code_size;
        bits -= code_size;

        //  Interpret the code

        if ((code > available) || (code == end_of_information))
          break;
        if (code == clear) {
          //  Reset decoder.
          code_size = data_size + 1;
          code_mask = (1 << code_size) - 1;
          available = clear + 2;
          old_code = NullCode;
          continue;
        }
        if (old_code == NullCode) {
          pixelStack[top++] = suffix[code];
          old_code = code;
          first = code;
          continue;
        }
        in_code = code;
        if (code == available) {
          pixelStack[top++] = (byte) first;
          code = old_code;
        }
        while (code > clear) {
          pixelStack[top++] = suffix[code];
          code = prefix[code];
        }
        first = ((int) suffix[code]) & 0xff;

        //  Add a new string to the string table,

        if (available >= MaxStackSize)
          break;
        pixelStack[top++] = (byte) first;
        prefix[available] = (short) old_code;
        suffix[available] = (byte) first;
        available++;
        if (((available & code_mask) == 0)
          && (available < MaxStackSize)) {
          code_size++;
          code_mask += available;
        }
        old_code = in_code;
      }

      //  Pop a pixel off the pixel stack.

      top--;
      pixels[pi++] = pixelStack[top];
      i++;
    }

    for (i = pi; i < npix; i++) {
      pixels[i] = 0; // clear missing pixels
    }

  }

  /**
   * Returns true if an error was encountered during reading/decoding
   */
  protected boolean err() {
    return status != STATUS_OK;
  }

  /**
   * Initializes or re-initializes reader
   */
  protected void init() {
    status = STATUS_OK;
    frameCount = 0;
    frames = new ArrayList();
    gct = null;
    lct = null;
  }

  /**
   * Reads a single byte from the input stream.
   */
  protected int read() {
    int curByte = 0;
    try {
      curByte = in.read();
    } catch (IOException e) {
      status = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR;
    }
    return curByte;
  }

  /**
   * Reads next variable length block from input.
   *
   * @return number of bytes stored in "buffer"
   */
  protected int readBlock() {
    blockSize = read();
    int n = 0;
    if (blockSize > 0) {
      try {
        int count = 0;
        while (n < blockSize) {
          count = in.read(block, n, blockSize - n);
          if (count == -1)
            break;
          n += count;
        }
      } catch (IOException e) {
      }

      if (n < blockSize) {
        status = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR;
      }
    }
    return n;
  }

  /**
   * Reads color table as 256 RGB integer values
   *
   * @param ncolors int number of colors to read
   * @return int array containing 256 colors (packed ARGB with full alpha)
   */
  protected int[] readColorTable(int ncolors) {
    int nbytes = 3 * ncolors;
    int[] tab = null;
    byte[] c = new byte[nbytes];
    int n = 0;
    try {
      n = in.read(c);
    } catch (IOException e) {
    }
    if (n < nbytes) {
      status = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR;
    } else {
      tab = new int[256]; // max size to avoid bounds checks
      int i = 0;
      int j = 0;
      while (i < ncolors) {
        int r = ((int) c[j++]) & 0xff;
        int g = ((int) c[j++]) & 0xff;
        int b = ((int) c[j++]) & 0xff;
        tab[i++] = 0xff000000 | (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b;
      }
    }
    return tab;
  }

  /**
   * Main file parser.  Reads GIF content blocks.
   */
  protected void readContents() {
    // read GIF file content blocks
    boolean done = false;
    while (!(done || err())) {
      int code = read();
      switch (code) {

        case 0x2C : // image separator
          readImage();
          break;

        case 0x21 : // extension
          code = read();
          switch (code) {
            case 0xf9 : // graphics control extension
              readGraphicControlExt();
              break;

            case 0xff : // application extension
              readBlock();
              String app = "";
              for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
                app += (char) block[i];
              }
              if (app.equals("NETSCAPE2.0")) {
                readNetscapeExt();
              }
              else
                skip(); // don't care
              break;

            default : // uninteresting extension
              skip();
          }
          break;

        case 0x3b : // terminator
          done = true;
          break;

        case 0x00 : // bad byte, but keep going and see what happens
          break;

        default :
          status = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR;
      }
    }
  }

  /**
   * Reads Graphics Control Extension values
   */
  protected void readGraphicControlExt() {
    read(); // block size
    int packed = read(); // packed fields
    dispose = (packed & 0x1c) >> 2; // disposal method
    if (dispose == 0) {
      dispose = 1; // elect to keep old image if discretionary
    }
    transparency = (packed & 1) != 0;
    delay = readShort() * 10; // delay in milliseconds
    transIndex = read(); // transparent color index
    read(); // block terminator
  }

  /**
   * Reads GIF file header information.
   */
  protected void readHeader() {
    String id = "";
    for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
      id += (char) read();
    }
    if (!id.startsWith("GIF")) {
      status = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR;
      return;
    }

    readLSD();
    if (gctFlag && !err()) {
      gct = readColorTable(gctSize);
      bgColor = gct[bgIndex];
    }
  }

  /**
   * Reads next frame image
   */
  protected void readImage() {
    ix = readShort(); // (sub)image position & size
    iy = readShort();
    iw = readShort();
    ih = readShort();

    int packed = read();
    lctFlag = (packed & 0x80) != 0; // 1 - local color table flag
    interlace = (packed & 0x40) != 0; // 2 - interlace flag
    // 3 - sort flag
    // 4-5 - reserved
    lctSize = 2 << (packed & 7); // 6-8 - local color table size

    if (lctFlag) {
      lct = readColorTable(lctSize); // read table
      act = lct; // make local table active
    } else {
      act = gct; // make global table active
      if (bgIndex == transIndex)
        bgColor = 0;
    }
    int save = 0;
    if (transparency) {
      save = act[transIndex];
      act[transIndex] = 0; // set transparent color if specified
    }

    if (act == null) {
      status = STATUS_FORMAT_ERROR; // no color table defined
    }

    if (err()) return;

    decodeImageData(); // decode pixel data
    skip();

    if (err()) return;

    frameCount++;

    // create new image to receive frame data
    image =
      new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_ARGB_PRE);

    setPixels(); // transfer pixel data to image

    frames.add(new GifFrame(image, delay)); // add image to frame list

    if (transparency) {
      act[transIndex] = save;
    }
    resetFrame();

  }

  /**
   * Reads Logical Screen Descriptor
   */
  protected void readLSD() {

    // logical screen size
    width = readShort();
    height = readShort();

    // packed fields
    int packed = read();
    gctFlag = (packed & 0x80) != 0; // 1   : global color table flag
    // 2-4 : color resolution
    // 5   : gct sort flag
    gctSize = 2 << (packed & 7); // 6-8 : gct size

    bgIndex = read(); // background color index
    pixelAspect = read(); // pixel aspect ratio
  }

  /**
   * Reads Netscape extenstion to obtain iteration count
   */
  protected void readNetscapeExt() {
    do {
      readBlock();
      if (block[0] == 1) {
        // loop count sub-block
        int b1 = ((int) block[1]) & 0xff;
        int b2 = ((int) block[2]) & 0xff;
        loopCount = (b2 << 8) | b1;
      }
    } while ((blockSize > 0) && !err());
  }

  /**
   * Reads next 16-bit value, LSB first
   */
  protected int readShort() {
    // read 16-bit value, LSB first
    return read() | (read() << 8);
  }

  /**
   * Resets frame state for reading next image.
   */
  protected void resetFrame() {
    lastDispose = dispose;
    lastRect = new Rectangle(ix, iy, iw, ih);
    lastImage = image;
    lastBgColor = bgColor;
    dispose = 0;
    transparency = false;
    delay = 0;
    lct = null;
  }

  /**
   * Skips variable length blocks up to and including
   * next zero length block.
   */
  protected void skip() {
    do {
      readBlock();
    } while ((blockSize > 0) && !err());
  }
}
